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Laodicea was a colonia of the Roman empire in ancient Syria.〔(Laodicea (history) )〕 It was even called Laodicea in Syria or "Laodicea ad mare". Laodicea was the capital of the Eastern Roman province of Theodorias from 528 AD until 637 AD. ==History== The Phoenician city of Ramitha was located in the coastal area where it is the modern port of Latakia, known to the Greeks as Leukê Aktê or "white coast". Laodicea got its name when was first founded in the fourth century BC under the rule of the Seleucid empire: it was named by Seleucus I Nicator in honor of his mother, Laodice((ギリシア語:Λαοδίκεια ἡ Πάραλος)) . The city was subsequently ruled by the Romans until the Arab conquest in 637 AD. The Roman Pompey the Great conquered the city in 64 AD and later Julius Caesar declared the city "free polis". The emperor Septimius Severus named with the title "Metropolis" the city in 194 AD and allowed the ''Ius Italicum'' (exemption from empire taxation) to Laodicea, that was called a "Roman Colonia". Some Roman merchants moved to live in the city under Augustus, but the city was always culturally "greek" influenced. The romans made a "Pharum" at the port, that was renowned as one of the best of Ancient Levant; then created a roman road from southern Anatolia toward Berytus and Damascus, that greatly improved the commerce through the port of Laodicea. The city enjoyed a huge economic prosperity thanks to the wine produced in the hills around the port and exported to all the empire. The city was even famous because of the textile products and of the local tobacco. Laodicea minted coins from an early Roman date, but the most famous are from Severian times〔( Laodicea ad mare coins )〕 A sizable Jewish population lived in Laodicea during the first century.〔(Jewish enc.: Laodicea ad mare )〕 Under Septimius Severus the city was fortified and was made for a few years the capital of Roman Syria: in this period Laodicea grew to be a city of nearly 40000 inhabitants and had even an hippodrome. Christianity was the main religion in the city after Constantine I and there were many bishops of Laodicea who participated in ecumenical councils, mainly during byzantine times. The heretic Apollinarius was bishop of Laodicea in the 4th century, when the city was fully Christian but with a few remaining Jews. An earthquake damaged the city in 494 AD and successively Justinianus I made Laodicea the capital of the byzantine province of "Theodorias" in the early sixth century. Laodicea remained its capital for more than a century until the Arab conquest. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Laodicea in Syria」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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